Households
900
Livestock
700–1k
Stray Dogs
73+
Avian Species
27+
Air Quality Index
135AQI
GoodModerate▲ NowUnhealthyVery
Ambient Humidity
37%
ABC Program
17+
Water Sources Tested
10
One Health Surveillance Summary
Current Status
Target (80/100)
Gap to Target
Critical (<40)
⚠ Water Quality (28) & Soil Health (35) are critical — far below the 80-point target. Animal Health (62) is nearest to target.
Key Risk Indicators at a Glance
Water Contamination RiskHigh — 8/10 samples exceed WHO TDS limits
Vector-borne Disease PressureModerate — seasonal spikes
AMR Antibiotic Residue RiskLow — within safe limits
Stray Dog Rabies RiskModerate — 13% infected in neutered pop.
Air Quality Index135 AQI — Unhealthy for sensitive groups
Soil Microbial LoadVery High — horse stable soil TNTC
E. coli/Enterobacter PresenceDetected in lake & soil samples
Human Pillar
PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE · BETTAHALASURU
Total Population
3,573
♂ MALE
1,817
♀ FEMALE
1,756
PHC Services
8+
Screening programs active
Vector-Borne Disease — Rainfall Correlation & Key Findings
🦟 MALARIA
30–50/yr
Peak during monsoon. RDT used at PHC.
🦟 DENGUE
60 cases
2022 spike — high rainfall, standing water.
🦟 CHIKUNGUNYA
10–25/yr
Sporadic post-monsoon. Nets distributed.
🌧 RAINFALL LINK
High correlation
↑ Rainfall → ↑ Vector breeding → ↑ Disease burden (2022 confirmed)
Major Diseases at PHC (2020–2024)
Relative prevalence score (0–100). Longer bar = higher disease burden in the village.
● High burden (>60)
● Moderate (40–60)
● Low (<40)
Vector-Borne Disease Trend (Annual Cases)
Disease Burden by Category
Hypertension & CVDRising (age 40+)
Diabetes (Type 2)Growing — lifestyle factors
TuberculosisEndemic — lower SES groups
Anemia (women & children)Nutritional deficiency
Malaria (seasonal)30–50 cases/yr
Dengue60 cases (2022 spike)
Leptospirosis15 cases (2021)
PHC Screening Programs
| Screening Type | Frequency | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Blood Pressure Monitoring | Weekly | Active |
| Blood Sugar Testing | Weekly | Active |
| Antenatal Care | Weekly | Active |
| TB Sputum / Chest X-Ray | Symptomatic | Active |
| Malaria & Dengue RDT | Peak seasons | Seasonal |
| HIV Testing | On request | Active |
| Eye & Vision Screening | Health camps | Periodic |
| Anemia (Hemoglobin) | Weekly | Active |
Animal Pillar
STRAY DOG MANAGEMENT · LIVESTOCK AMR · POULTRY & PIGGERY · BETTAHALASURU
Stray Dogs
73+
ABC Mar–2024 (Bettahalasuru)
17+
Neutered + anti-rabies shots
Rabies Infection(post-ABC)
↓13%
Reduction in rabies cases
Livestock Monitored
700–1k
Via vet health department
Stray Dog ABC — Bettahalasuru (March 2024)
| Date | Activity | Count |
|---|---|---|
| 05-Mar-2024 | Dogs picked up from Bettahalasuru village | 17 |
| 06-Mar-2024 | Neutering completed + anti-rabies vaccination | 17 |
| 07–10-Mar-2024 | Post-operative care + antibiotic shots (4 days) | All 17 |
| 11-Mar-2024 | Released at original pickup location | 17 |
ABC Program Key Insight
Neutralization significantly reduces population growth, but rabies vaccination must accompany ABC programs. Neutered populations show a 13% infection rate vs 9% in non-neutered — requiring a combined population control + vaccination strategy.
Rabies Infection: With vs Without ABC Program (5-Year Projection)
Livestock Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Findings
| Antibiotic | Sample Type | Level Found | Permissible | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Doxycycline | Pig Excreta | 0.000002 mg/g | 0.02 mg/g | Safe |
| Doxycycline | Hen Excreta | 0.00348 mg/g | 0.02 mg/g | Safe |
| Amoxicillin | Feed | None detected | — | Clear |
| Amoxicillin | Excreta | None detected | — | Clear |
| Amoxicillin | Water | None detected | — | Clear |
Detection method: HPLC analysis on feed, excreta, and water samples. Current antibiotic levels pose no immediate AMR risk, but ongoing monitoring is essential.
Antibiotic Level vs Permissible Limit
Environment Pillar
WATER · MICROBIOLOGY · GRAM STAINING · SOIL · AIR QUALITY
AQI Level
135
Unhealthy for sensitive groups
GoodMod.▲ 135UnhlthyV.Bad
Humidity
37%
Low — respiratory risk elevated
Effluent TDS (Sample 1)
1,420
ppm — WHO limit: 500 ppm
Gram Staining: Gram –ve
100%
All 26 isolates — water & soil
Water Quality — Physicochemical Parameters (10 Samples)
Dissolved Oxygen vs TDS — All Sources
Water Quality Summary Table — Full Panel
| Sample | Source | pH | EC (µS) | TDS (ppm) | DO (mg/L) | Turbidity (NTU) | Drinking? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S1 | Effluent Household | 7.52 | 1990 | 1420 | 1.8 | 10.46 | Unfit |
| S2 | Borewell (Closed Tank) | 7.42 | 1549 | 1120 | 6.55 | 7.12 | Treat First |
| S3 | Borewell (Open Tank) | 7.33 | 1619 | 1150 | 6.17 | 0.43 | Treat First |
| S4 | Effluent (Common Drain) | 7.35 | 1193 | 912 | 7.89 | 3.56 | Unfit |
| S5 | Right Lake | 7.73 | 443 | 312 | 9.48 | 2.99 | Borderline |
| S6 | Bund Water | 7.55 | 624 | 305 | 8.62 | 1.30 | Agriculture |
| S7 | Left Lake | 8.41 | 720 | 288 | 9.26 | 2.08 | Borderline |
| S8 | Central Lake | 7.72 | 846 | 297 | 9.13 | 1.42 | Borderline |
| S9 | Poultry Farm Borewell | 6.61 | 538 | 378 | 7.03 | 0.32 | Treat First |
| S10 | Piggery Water | 6.25 | 112 | 204 | 8.91 | BDL | Agriculture |
WHO drinking water TDS limit: 500 ppm | Turbidity limit: <1 NTU | DO >6 mg/L recommended
Microbial Analysis — Water Samples (Lake Entries)
| Sample | Location | NA Plate | EMB Indicator | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| S1 | Lake BH Entry 1 | Moderate (257 col) | Enterobacter aerogenes | Moderate |
| S2 | Lake BH Entry 2 | TNTC | Enterobacter aerogenes | High |
| S3 | Lake BH Entry 3 | TNTC | Enterobacter aerogenes | High |
| S4 | Lake BH 2 | High (380 col) | Enterobacter aerogenes | Moderate |
| S5 | Lake EF 1 | TNTC | High coliform load | High |
| S6 | Lake BH 3 | TNTC / 200 | Mixed enteric flora | High |
Media: NA, EMB, XLD | Incubation: 37°C, 24 hrs | Date: 22/01/2026
Soil Microbial Load — Three Sites
Gram Staining Summary — 26 Isolates
Gram Negative (all isolates)26/26 = 100%
Bacillus morphology~65% of isolates
Cocci morphology~35% of isolates
Mucoid layer presence~30% of isolates
All 26 tested isolates from water and soil samples were Gram-negative. Dominant types include rod-shaped (Bacillus) and spherical (Cocci) forms. Mucoid layers observed in ~30% suggest capsule-forming, potentially pathogenic organisms.
Air Quality & Atmospheric Conditions
Doughnut shows current AQI (135) vs headroom to max (200). Scale: 0–300.
0GoodModerate▲ 135Unhealthy300
AQI
135
Unhealthy for sensitive groups (children, elderly, respiratory conditions)
Humidity
37%
Low — increases respiratory irritation, microbial aerosol survival
Interconnectedness
HOW HUMAN · ANIMAL · ENVIRONMENT HEALTH ARE LINKED IN BETTAHALASURU
Risk Matrix — Likelihood vs Impact
Bubble size = urgency score · Hover for details
Rainfall vs Vector-Borne Disease Burden
Environment → Human pathway · 2020–2024
Zoonotic & AMR Transmission Pressure (Animal → Human)
Stacked pathways by route and severity
Cross-Pillar Contamination Index
Each segment = a contamination pathway between pillars. Larger area = higher risk (0–100 scale).
🔴 High Risk (>70)
🟡 Medium Risk (50–70)
🟢 Lower Risk (<50)
🔵 Managed
⚠ Critical: Water TDS (Human→Env), Soil E. coli (Animal→Env), Lake contamination (Env→Human) and Effluent discharge (Human→Env) all score above 70 — indicating urgent intervention needed.
One Health Pillar Interaction Strength
Bidirectional flow scores between pillars
Projected Health Outcome — With vs Without Intervention
Composite risk score over 5 years